Privacy Policy. Christianity is a historical religion, and its inspired messages are anchored to the hills and valleys, the deserts and rivers, of the ancient world, and to literal men and women who once walked the earth. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. In the lives of Gods people the truths of His word are to reveal their glory and excellence. Yet, since Gods purposes are immutable (Psalms 33:11; Prov. All this leads to the conclusion that Micah prophesied from about 740 to about 700 B.C. *The prophets are listed according to their order in the Scriptures. The prophets call us to re-learn the lesson that a respect for the creator of the earth we occupy is a starting point for peace between the earth and its inhabitants. Earlier commentators attempted to equate the two men, because of the use of similar expressions in their utterances (Micah 1:2; cf. 3:5). It is possible that Hebrews 11:37 refers to this event. From generation to generation these holy men of God (2 Peter 1:21) called Israel to repentance and righteousness and kept alive the Messianic hope. It is ever the privilege of those who witness the fulfillment of prophecy to remember and believe (John 13:19; 14:29; John 16:4). His book contains no direct to establish the time of his mission to Nineveh. A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. During the siege, reprobate Israelites would be slain by their foes (Zechariah 13:8; 14:2). The profound conviction that the messages of the prophets had been fulfilled led many to believe in Christ as the Son of God. Formal worship took the place of sincere religion (cf. Obedience to the law of God would make them marvels of prosperity before the nations of the world, living witnesses to the greatness and majesty of God (Deuteronomy 8:17, 18; 28:11-13). Nations that had known nothing of the true God would run to Jerusalem because of the manifest evidence of divine blessing that attended Israel (chapter 55:5). But they are to be saved as Christians and not as Jews. United kingdom under Saul, David, Solomon, c. 1030 - 931. Through His people Christ is to manifest His character and the principles of His kingdom. Similarly, the ways in which God dealt with men in crises of the past are often cited as examples of the manner in which He will deal with all the world in the last day (see on Deuteronomy 18:15). During all these times, God sent his prophets to challenge and encourage his people. NOTE: This will conclude our study of Kings. The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. The Prophets The Dates Bible History Kings and Events Prophets of Israel Jonah 810-790 BC 2 Kings 13-14 Jehoash, Jeroboam II (Amaziah) Joel 790-760 BC 2 Kings 11-15 Uzziah Amos 780-760 BC 2 Kings 14-15 Jeroboam II (Uzziah) Hosea 785-725 BC 2 Kings 15-18 Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz) Isaiah 750-695 BC 2 [] The Babylonians - Learn about ancient Babylon and the people who lived there. They cherished the idea that they were favorites of Heaven, and were ungrateful for the opportunities so graciously afforded them. Upon His final departure from the sacred precincts of the Temple, Jesus said, Your house is left unto you desolate (Matthew 23:38). This is a timeline of the development of prophecy among the Jews in Judaism. There is no surer protection against the speculative vagaries of religious visionaries than a clear knowledge of the historical context of Scripture. 2 Ch 34 - 35 5, 6Josiah was 8yr old when he was made king and reigned 31 years 627BCJer1 1Godcalls Jeremiah to be prophet in Judah. But it was not until his 3rd year in captivity, the 2nd year of Nebuchadnezzar, that young Daniel gave the first proofs of his prophetic calling (chapters 1:5, 17; 2:1, 19). All that had been promised might yet come to pass if they would only love and serve Him (Zechariah 6:15; cf. God did not forsake His people, even during the Captivity. For example, the judgment that came upon Sodom and Gomorrah, literal cities of the ancient past, is used by Bible writers as descriptive of the judgment God will eventually bring upon all the world. The prophets thus provided a firm foundation for the faith of the apostolic church and made a direct and vital contribution to the Christian faith. Hearing of all the advantages with which the God of Israel had blessed His people and all the prosperity He had procured for them (Jeremiah 33:9), the pagan nations would admit that their own fathers had inherited lies (chapter 16:19). Isaiah 54:7; Ezekiel 36:11; 43:10, 11; Micah 6:8; Zechariah 10:6). Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. They were doing no positive good; therefore they were doing incalculable harm, and their influence became a savor of death. Many years later, in writing to the strangers, or Gentiles (1 Peter 1:1: see on Exodus 12:19, 43), as the elect of God (1 Peter 1:2), Peter refers to them as the chosen ones of God, a holy nation, a peculiar people (chapter 2:9), formerly not a people, but now the people of God (verse 10). Maps are essential for any serious Bible study. Psalms 68:31. Prophecies that Inspiration clearly applies to our day were designed of God to inspire us with patience, comfort, and the hope that all things foretold by these holy men of old will soon meet their final and complete fulfillment. God placed His people in Palestine, the crossroads of the ancient world, and provided them with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the face of the earth. 4. In Babylon: prophecy of Ezekiel, Return to the land under Persian rule, and writings of Ezra-Nehemiah Technical know-how would render products made in Israel superior to all others. Story of Esther, (535 BC: First portion of Ezra; 515 BC: Second portion of Ezra and Haggai and Zecharia; Joel possibly some time later; 474 BC: Esther; 450 BC: Remainder of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Malachi. Israels unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God, prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings He was ready to bestow upon them. 19:21; Isaiah 46:10; Acts 5:39; Hebrews 6:17; etc. In spite of the bold and zealous efforts of such prophets as Elijah, Elisha, Amos, and Hosea, the northern kingdom rapidly deteriorated and was eventually carried into Assyrian captivity. One challenging point in history is the divided kingdoms of Israel (the 10 northern tribes) and Judah (the 2 southern tribes). With your gift of any size, youll enable us to continue equipping Christians with high-quality biblically-based content. You can also change some of your preferences. Examine the prophecy in its entirety. Used by permission. Click to enable/disable _gat_* - Google Analytics Cookie. Gods call to the nations would have been, Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth (Isaiah 45:22). If chapter 52, a historical appendix, was written by the prophet, he must have lived until 561, when Jehoiachin was released from prison by King Evil-Merodach of Babylon (see chapter 52:31). The prophets did not always clearly understand messages they themselves had borne pointing forward to the distant future, to the coming of the Messiah (1 Peter 1:10, 11). In the introduction to his book he declares that he worked under the kings Uzziah of Judah and Jeroboam II of Israel. ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Bibliography Resources on the Old Testament, Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz), to the Jews Before and During the Captivity. Situate the prophets within Israel's history. The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. Scholars differ widely in their views concerning the time of Joels ministry. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel. The table down shows where in time the . Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. Situating the Prophets in Israel's History Timeline of the Prophets Related Content Donate Had Israel measured up to the noble ideal, all of the promises contingent upon obedience would long since have been fulfilled. It was His purpose to set them on high above all nations of the earth (Deuteronomy 28:1), with the result that all people of the earth would recognize their superiority and call them blessed (Malachi 3:10, 12). Among them about 30,000 are specified (Ezra 2 and Neh 7) as belonging to the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Levi. He went to Bethel, a sanctuary city of the northern kingdom, to deliver prophecies of warning, reproof, and doom to Israel. Superior intellect. The earth would thus be rid of those who opposed God (Zechariah 14:12, 13). As individuals and as a nation God proposed to furnish the people of Israel with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the earth (see Deuteronomy 4:6-8; 7:6, 14; 28:1; Jeremiah 33:9; Malachi 3:12). 2. Below is a list of the prophets with dates, kings and historical events regarding Israel and her prophets. Used under license from Veer But because of apostasy it was the predictions of national honor and glory that could not be fulfilled. As the nations of antiquity should behold Israels unprecedented progress, their attention and interest would be aroused. God entered into solemn covenant relationship with him (Genesis 15:18; 17:2-7), and his posterity, Israel, inherited the sacred trust of being Gods chosen representatives on earth (Hebrews 11:9) for the salvation of the entire human race. Even during the Captivity, and later under foreign tutelage, Israel remained a theocracy in theory if not fully in practice. In the 5th year of Jehoiachins captivity, 593/92, Ezekiel had his first vision by the river Chebar, a canal near the famous city of Nippur in lower Babylonia (chapter 1:1-3). Moses their great leader warned the people of Israel not to disobey the LORD or else: Thus it was with Moses, of whom, to the very day of his death, it could be said that his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated (Deuteronomy 34:7). In this case, he was an octogenarian. 1 Peter 2:6-8; 1 Corinthians 1:23) but this need not mean that they are to fallGod forbid, he exclaims (Romans 11:1, 22). For these reasons the 7th-century date for Joel has been adopted in this commentary, although there is no conclusive proof that this choice is correct. Since Jothams sole reign began after the death of his father Uzziah in 740/39, the initial date for Micahs prophetic ministry should probably be placed after that date. Hence, the year 603 can be considered as the beginning of Daniel . Theology of Work Project Online Materials by Theology of Work Project, Inc. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Few passages of Scripture are more commonly misunderstood and variously interpreted than those containing the divine promises made to ancient Israel through the prophets. The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). The late date is taken here, without prejudice toward an early one. All who turned from idolatry to the worship of the true God, were to unite themselves with His chosen people. When they brought forth wild grapes instead of the mature fruit of character, He inquired, What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? (Isaiah 5:1-7). Higher than the highest human thought can reach is Gods ideal for His children. However, all his messages were addressed to the northern nation. In Egypt, Jeremiah raised his voice against the idolatries the Jews practiced there (chapters 43; 44). Thus it was with Daniel, a bright example of what man may become, even in this life, if he will make God his strength and wisely improve the opportunities and privileges within his reach (see Daniel 1:8-20). Since Josiah came to the throne as a child, he must have lived under a regent, which explains why no king is mentioned by Joel. Eventually, however, it became apparent that the Jews would never measure up to the standard God required of them, as Malachi makes evident (chapters 1:6, 12; 2:2, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17; 3:7, 13, 14). At Mt. You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. Prophecies of the former classification cannot now be fulfilled because they were strictly conditional in nature and limited in scope, by their very nature, to literal Israel. Obadiahs prophecy, directed against Edom, presupposes that a looting of Jerusalem and a carrying away of many Jews into captivity had recently taken place. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. **All dates are approximate time periods of each prophets ministry.
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