If used with a pedestrian signal head that does not have a concurrent vehicular phase, the pedestrian clearance interval (flashing UPRAISED HAND) should be set to be approximately 4 seconds less than the required pedestrian crossing time (see. WebPedestrian Clearance Interval Also generally known as Flashing Dont Walk (FDW). 21 Speech walk messages should not state or imply a command to the pedestrian, such as "Cross Broadway now." Speech walk messages should not tell pedestrians that it is "safe to cross," because it is always the pedestrian's responsibility to check actual traffic conditions. Standard: Typically denoted for motorists by a circular green (green ball) signal The driver is "permitted" to cross the opposing through flow, but must select an appropriate gap in the opposing traffic stream through which to turn During this interval pedestrians should complete their crossing, however, they should not begin crossing on the flashing "Don't Walk" signal. Speech walk messages that are used at intersections having pedestrian phasing that is concurrent with vehicular phasing shall be patterned after the model: "Broadway. Option: Guidance: The display of the number of remaining seconds shall begin only at the beginning of the pedestrian change interval (flashing UPRAISED HAND). If the pedestrian clearance time is sufficient only to cross from the curb or shoulder to a median of sufficient width for pedestrians to wait and accessible pedestrian detectors are used, an additional accessible pedestrian detector shall be provided in the median. 06 When used, accessible pedestrian signals shall be used in combination with pedestrian signal timing. WebWhenever pedestrian control signals exhibiting the words "Walk" or the walking person symbol or "Don't Walk" or the hand symbol are operating, the signals shall indicate as The animated eyes symbol shall be illuminated at the start of the walk interval and shall terminate at the end of the walk interval. The audible walk indication shall be audible from the beginning of the associated crosswalk. Other locations where a study indicates audible beaconing would be beneficial. 15 If speech walk messages are used, pedestrians have to know the names of the streets that they are crossing in order for the speech walk messages to be unambiguous. Accessible pedestrian signal detectors may be pushbuttons or passive detection devices. A flashing WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication has no meaning and shall not be used. Where engineering judgment determines that multi-phase signal indications (as with split-phase timing) would tend to confuse or cause conflicts with pedestrians using a crosswalk guided only by vehicular signal indications. Standard: Pedestrians who are currently crossing may continue across the road. The flashing red indicates to drivers that they are to stop and yield to At intersections with high pedestrian volumes and high conflicting turning vehicle volumes, a brief leading pedestrian interval, during which an advance WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) indication is displayed for the crosswalk while red indications continue to be displayed to parallel through and/or turning traffic, may be used to reduce conflicts between pedestrians and turning vehicles. 01 Pedestrian signal heads provide special types of traffic signal indications exclusively intended for controlling pedestrian traffic. 21 If a leading pedestrian interval is used without accessible features, pedestrians who are visually impaired can be expected to begin crossing at the onset of the vehicular movement when drivers are not expecting them to begin crossing. WebA permissive turn is made across an opposing flow of through vehicles and/or pedestrians. In getting directions to travel to a new location, pedestrians with visual disabilities do not always get the name of each street to be crossed. 06 If the pedestrian signal rests in walk, the accessible walk indication should be limited to the first 7 seconds of the walk interval. Some passive detection devices are capable of tracking the progress of a pedestrian as the pedestrian crosses the roadway for the purpose of extending or shortening the duration of certain pedestrian timing intervals. This can be done by means of a speech pushbutton information message (see. The sum of the time of the pedestrian change interval and the buffer interval shall not be less than the calculated pedestrian clearance time (see Paragraphs 7 through 16). Call 905-546-4376 Email TrafficOps@hamilton.ca As part of the Accessible Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA), all new signalized intersections in Hamilton will be outfitted with Accessible Pedestrian Pushbuttons (APS). WebPedestrian signals are special types of traffic-signal indications installed for the exclusive purpose of controlling pedestrian traffic. 03 If additional crossing time is provided by means of an extended pushbutton press, a PUSH BUTTON FOR 2 SECONDS FOR EXTRA CROSSING TIME (R10-32P) plaque (see Figure 2B-26) shall be mounted adjacent to or integral with the pedestrian pushbutton. Because some technology includes the countdown pedestrian signal logic in a separate timing device that is independent of the timing in the traffic signal controller, care should be exercised by the engineer when timing changes are made to pedestrian change intervals. The animated eyes symbol shall be illuminated at the start of the walk interval and shall terminate at the end of the walk interval. WebA steady UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian shall not enter the roadway in the direction of the signal indication. These provisions also position pushbutton poles in optimal locations for installation of accessible pedestrian signals (see, If pedestrian pushbuttons are used, they should be capable of easy activation and conveniently located near each end of the crosswalks. Support: Pedestrians who have not entered the road yet must push the activation button and await the next WALK signal. Support: Standard: 04 The factors that make crossing at a signalized location difficult for pedestrians who have visual disabilities include: increasingly quiet cars, right turn on red (which masks the beginning of the through phase), continuous right-turn movements, complex signal operations, traffic circles, and wide streets. Where pedestrians who walk slower than 3.5 feet per second, or pedestrians who use wheelchairs, routinely use the crosswalk, a walking speed of less than 3.5 feet per second should be considered in determining the pedestrian clearance time. 13 An alert tone can be particularly useful if the walk tone is not easily audible in some traffic conditions. Speech walk messages should not state or imply a command to the pedestrian, such as "Cross Broadway now." Support: If an extended pushbutton press is used to provide any additional feature(s), a pushbutton press of less than one second shall actuate only the pedestrian timing and any associated accessible walk indication, and a pushbutton press of one second or more shall actuate the pedestrian timing, any associated accessible walk indication, and any additional feature(s). If no vehicular signal indications are visible to pedestrians, or if the vehicular signal indications that are visible to pedestrians starting a crossing provide insufficient guidance for them to decide when to begin crossing the roadway in the chosen direction, such as on one-way streets, at T-intersections, or at multi-phase signal operations. WebThe walk signal indicates that pedestrians may cross the street, while the dont walk signal indicates that pedestrians must wait. 20 Speech walk messages shall not contain any additional information, except they shall include designations such as "Street" or "Avenue" where this information is necessary to avoid ambiguity at a particular location. If information on intersection signalization or geometry is also given, it shall follow the intersection identification information. Another feature, which the City recently added at some intersections, is a "countdown" timer which coincides with the flashing "DON'T WALK." 14 The total of the walk interval and pedestrian clearance time should be sufficient to allow a pedestrian crossing in the crosswalk who left the pedestrian detector (or, if no pedestrian detector is present, a location 6 feet from the face of the curb or from the edge of the pavement) at the beginning of the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication to travel at a walking speed of 3 feet per second to the far side of the traveled way being crossed or to the median if a two-stage pedestrian crossing sequence is used. WebA sign is normally mounted above the pedestrian detector explaining its purpose, and the position of the push button will tell which crosswalk signal is activated by which push-button. Support: It need not be repeated for the entire time that the walk interval is not timing. At those times, the pedestrian signal indications shall not be displayed. 02 Pedestrian signal heads should be used under any of the following conditions: Option: 11 At certain locations, a supplemental sign in a more visible location may be used to call attention to the pedestrian pushbutton. WebPedestrian signals consist of walk and don't walk signals or the international symbols displaying a person walking for the walk indication, and a hand for the don't walk indication. 12 If used, the animated eyes symbol shall consist of an outline of a pair of white steadily-illuminated eyes with white eyeballs that scan from side to side at a rate of approximately once per second. WebFlashing Don't Walk or Flashing Raised Hand. 07 Except as provided in Paragraph 8, the pedestrian clearance time should be sufficient to allow a pedestrian crossing in the crosswalk who left the curb or shoulder at the end of the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication to travel at a walking speed of 3.5 feet per second to at least the far side of the traveled way or to a median of sufficient width for pedestrians to wait. Option: Standard: The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) recommends the following for 2 Flashing yellow lights. The symbol designs that are set forth in the "Standard Highway Signs and Markings" book (see Section 1A.11) shall be used. Guidance: Standard: 05 Pushbutton locator tones shall be deactivated when the traffic control signal is operating in a flashing mode. 07 Section 4E.11 contains additional provisions regarding the volume and sound level of pushbutton locator tones. (b) A flashing DON'T WALK or WAIT or approved Upraised Hand symbol with a countdown signal indicating the time remaining for a pedestrian to cross the roadway means a pedestrian facing the signal may start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal but must complete the crossing prior to the display of the steady A red flashing DONT WALK or flashing UPRAISED HAND means that no pedestrian should enter the roadway at this time. Guidance: Because of this, tones are the preferred means of providing audible walk indications except where two accessible pedestrian signals on one corner are not separated by a distance of at least 10 feet. Special signal/flashing signal Special signals or flashing signals are used in specific situations, such as school zones, construction zones, and emergency vehicle preemption. 09 At locations with pretimed traffic control signals or non-actuated approaches, pedestrian pushbuttons may be used to activate the accessible pedestrian signals. Potential demand for accessible pedestrian signals; A request for accessible pedestrian signals; Traffic volumes during times when pedestrians might be present, including periods of low traffic volumes or high turn-on-red volumes; The complexity of traffic signal phasing (such as split phases, protected turn phases, leading pedestrian intervals, and exclusive pedestrian phases); and, A speech walk message for the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) indication, and. 09 Because some technology includes the countdown pedestrian signal logic in a separate timing device that is independent of the timing in the traffic signal controller, care should be exercised by the engineer when timing changes are made to pedestrian change intervals. Tactile maps of crosswalks may also be provided. Standard: 13 At accessible pedestrian signal locations where pedestrian pushbuttons are used, each pushbutton shall activate both the walk interval and the accessible pedestrian signals. Web1) you're just learning to drive 2) a tailgating driver has closed your rear zone 3) you're approaching a line of sight restriction 4) traction is low 5) you're carrying a heavy load 6) The use of additional pedestrian detectors on islands or medians where a pedestrian might become stranded should be considered. At intersections with pedestrian volumes that are so high that drivers have difficulty finding an opportunity to turn across the crosswalk, the duration of the green interval for a parallel concurrent vehicular movement is sometimes intentionally set to extend beyond the pedestrian clearance time to provide turning drivers additional green time to make their turns while the pedestrian signal head is displaying a steady UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication after pedestrians have had time to complete their crossings. Standard: 11 Except as provided in Paragraph 12, the walk interval should be at least 7 seconds in length so that pedestrians will have adequate opportunity to leave the curb or shoulder before the pedestrian clearance time begins. 02 If pedestrian signal heads are mounted on the same support as vehicular signal heads, there shall be a physical separation between them. A pedestrian signal allows a safe way for pedestrians to cross the street at signalized intersections. The pedestrian signal, when activated, provides time for the pedestrian to enter the street on the steady "WALK" signal and finish crossing the street on the flashing "DON'T WALK" signal. 04 Accessible pedestrian signals shall have an audible walk indication during the walk interval only. Countdown displays shall not be used during the walk interval or during the red clearance interval of a concurrent vehicular phase. WebThe pedestrian dont walk indicator, which is sometimes combined with a countdown timer, means that a pedestrian must not begin crossing the road. Where two accessible pedestrian signals on one corner are not separated by a distance of at least 10 feet, the audible walk indication shall be a speech walk message. At locations with pretimed traffic control signals or non-actuated approaches, pedestrian pushbuttons may be used to activate the accessible pedestrian signals. When a pedestrian activates the crosswalk, the beacons will flash yellow for several seconds. Do not start crossing the street because the traffic light is about to change. Whenever pedestrian control signals exhibiting the words, numbers, or symbols meaning "Walk" or "Don't Walk" are in place such signals shall indicate and apply to pedestrians as follows: Walk. If a leading pedestrian interval is used, it should be at least 3 seconds in duration and should be timed to allow pedestrians to cross at least one lane of traffic or, in the case of a large corner radius, to travel far enough for pedestrians to establish their position ahead of the turning traffic before the turning traffic is released. Where there are physical constraints that make it impractical to place the pedestrian pushbutton adjacent to a level all-weather surface, the surface should be as level as feasible. Guidance: A steady UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian shall not enter the roadway in the direction of the signal indication. The additional time provided by an extended pushbutton press to satisfy pedestrian clearance time needs may be added to either the walk interval or the pedestrian change interval. Guidance: Passive pedestrian detection may also be used to automatically adjust the pedestrian clearance time based on the pedestrian's actual walking speed or actual clearance of the crosswalk. 18 Speech walk messages that are used at intersections having pedestrian phasing that is concurrent with vehicular phasing shall be patterned after the model: "Broadway. Longer walk intervals are often used when the duration of the vehicular green phase associated with the pedestrian crossing is long enough to allow it. The walk indication is displayed in white, and the don't walk indication is displayed in Portland orange. you should prepare to Guidance: WebPedestrian-control signal indications. 06 Audible beaconing should only be considered following an engineering study at: Option: 11 Speech pushbutton information messages should not be used to provide landmark information or to inform pedestrians with visual disabilities about detours or temporary traffic control situations. The accessible walk indication should be recalled by a button press during the walk interval provided that the crossing time remaining is greater than the pedestrian change interval. Option: Standard: An indication warning pedestrians that the walk indication has ended and the dont walk indication will begin at the end of the pedestrian clearance interval. Automatic volume adjustment in response to ambient traffic sound level shall be provided up to a maximum volume of 100 dBA. 01 Accessible pedestrian signals and detectors provide information in non-visual formats (such as audible tones, speech messages, and/or vibrating surfaces). 19 At intersections with high pedestrian volumes and high conflicting turning vehicle volumes, a brief leading pedestrian interval, during which an advance WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) indication is displayed for the crosswalk while red indications continue to be displayed to parallel through and/or turning traffic, may be used to reduce conflicts between pedestrians and turning vehicles. A pedestrian 25 Following the audible walk indication, accessible pedestrian signals shall revert to the pushbutton locator tone (see Section 4E.12) during the pedestrian change interval. The engineering study should consider the following factors: Support: Speech walk messages should not tell pedestrians that it is "safe to cross," because it is always the pedestrian's responsibility to check actual traffic conditions. Research indicates that a rapid tick tone for each crossing coming from accessible pedestrian signal devices on separated poles located close to each crosswalk provides unambiguous information to pedestrians who are blind or visually impaired. 10 If the pedestrian signal indication is so bright that it causes excessive glare in nighttime conditions, some form of automatic dimming should be used to reduce the brilliance of the signal indication. Support: For crosswalks where the pedestrian enters the crosswalk more than 100 feet from the countdown pedestrian signal display, the numbers should be at least 9 inches in height. 03 The provisions in this Section place pedestrian pushbuttons within easy reach of pedestrians who are intending to cross each crosswalk and make it obvious which pushbutton is associated with each crosswalk. Option: After the countdown displays zero, the display shall remain dark until the beginning of the next countdown. 03 Where countdown pedestrian signals are used, the countdown shall always be displayed simultaneously with the flashing UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication displayed for that crosswalk. 05 The accessible walk indication shall have the same duration as the pedestrian walk signal except when the pedestrian signal rests in walk. 09 Speech pushbutton information messages may provide intersection identification, as well as information about unusual intersection signalization and geometry, such as notification regarding exclusive pedestrian phasing, leading pedestrian intervals, split phasing, diagonal crosswalks, and medians or islands. Option: Tactile arrows shall be located on the pushbutton, have high visual contrast (light on dark or dark on light), and shall be aligned parallel to the direction of travel on the associated crosswalk. ", Speech walk messages that are used at intersections having exclusive pedestrian phasing shall be patterned after the model: "Walk sign is on for all crossings.". If a leading pedestrian interval is used without accessible features, pedestrians who are visually impaired can be expected to begin crossing at the onset of the vehicular movement when drivers are not expecting them to begin crossing. If audible beaconing is used, the volume of the pushbutton locator tone during the pedestrian change interval of the called pedestrian phase shall be increased and operated in one of the following ways: Speech pushbutton information messages may provide intersection identification, as well as information about unusual intersection signalization and geometry, such as notification regarding exclusive pedestrian phasing, leading pedestrian intervals, split phasing, diagonal crosswalks, and medians or islands. Option: 03 Vibrotactile walk indications shall be provided by a tactile arrow on the pushbutton (see Section 4E.12) that vibrates during the walk interval. 11 The sound level of audible walk indications and pushbutton locator tones should be adjusted to be low enough to avoid misleading pedestrians who have visual disabilities when the following conditions exist: Option: Option: This requirement shall not apply to traffic control signals or pedestrian hybrid beacons that are activated from a flashing or dark mode to a stop-and-go mode by pedestrian actuations. 04 If pedestrian pushbuttons are used, they should be capable of easy activation and conveniently located near each end of the crosswalks. Section 4E.03 Application of Pedestrian Signal Heads Standard: Guidance: A flashing UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian shall not start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal indication, but that any pedestrian who has already started to cross on a steady WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication shall proceed to the far side of the The provisions in this Section place pedestrian pushbuttons within easy reach of pedestrians who are intending to cross each crosswalk and make it obvious which pushbutton is associated with each crosswalk. 04 The UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication shall be Portland orange, conforming to the publication entitled "Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications" (see Section 1A.11), with all except the symbol obscured by an opaque material. Option: Longer walk intervals are often used when the duration of the vehicular green phase associated with the pedestrian crossing is long enough to allow it. 05 Not all crosswalks at an intersection need audible beaconing; audible beaconing can actually cause confusion if used at all crosswalks at some intersections. 18 During the transition into preemption, the walk interval and the pedestrian change interval may be shortened or omitted as described in Section 4D.27. 09 Figure 4E-4 shows typical pedestrian pushbutton locations for a variety of situations. The name of the street to be crossed may also be provided in accessible format, such as Braille or raised print. Speech messages might be either directly audible or transmitted, requiring a personal receiver to hear the message. If a leading pedestrian interval is used, consideration should be given to prohibiting turns across the crosswalk during the leading pedestrian interval. Where there is an island that allows unsignalized right turns across a crosswalk between the island and the sidewalk. The U.S. Access Board (www.access-board.gov) provides technical assistance for making pedestrian signal information available to persons with visual disabilities (see Page i for the address for the U.S. Access Board). An alert tone can be particularly useful if the walk tone is not easily audible in some traffic conditions. The louder locator tone comes from an additional speaker that is aimed at the center of the crosswalk and that is mounted on a pedestrian signal head. Accessible pedestrian signals are typically integrated into the pedestrian detector (pushbutton), so the audible tones and/or messages come from the pushbutton housing. Audible beaconing is the use of an audible signal in such a way that pedestrians with visual disabilities can home in on the signal that is located on the far end of the crosswalk as they cross the street. The pedestrian clearance time is intended to allow pedestrians who started crossing during the walk interval to complete their crossing. Vibrotactile indications provide information to pedestrians who are blind and deaf and are also used by pedestrians who are blind or who have low vision to confirm the walk signal in noisy situations. A flashing WALK signal indicates that the pedestrian crossing phase is nearing completion and a DONT WALK sign will soon be displayed. 08 Where there are physical constraints on a particular corner that make it impractical to provide the 10-foot separation between the two pedestrian pushbuttons, the pushbuttons may be placed closer together or on the same pole. Speech walk messages shall be used only at intersections where it is technically infeasible to install two accessible pedestrian signals at one corner separated by a distance of at least 10 feet. 10 If speech pushbutton information messages are made available by actuating the accessible pedestrian signal detector, they shall only be actuated when the walk interval is not timing. Guidance: The signal for pedestrians to walk is a white walking symbol. When a pedestrian is detected, the pedestrian signal should be activated and the total phase length (WALK and FLASHING DONT WALK) should be based on The countdown pedestrian signal shall be located immediately adjacent to the associated UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) pedestrian signal head indication (see. They have a pushbutton locator tone and tactile arrow, and can include audible beaconing and other special features. At intersections equipped with pedestrian signal heads, the pedestrian signal indications shall be displayed except when the vehicular traffic control signal is being operated in the flashing mode. A walking speed of up to 4 feet per second may be used to evaluate the sufficiency of the pedestrian clearance time at locations where an extended pushbutton press function has been installed to provide slower pedestrians an opportunity to request and receive a longer pedestrian clearance time. A flashing WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication has no meaning and shall not be used. 02 When the pedestrian signal heads associated with a crosswalk are displaying either a steady WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) or a flashing UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication, a steady or a flashing red signal indication shall be shown to any conflicting vehicular movement that is approaching the intersection or midblock location perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the crosswalk. This can be done by means of a speech pushbutton information message (see Section 4D.13) during the flashing or steady UPRAISED HAND intervals, or by raised print and Braille labels on the pushbutton housing. The information provided by an accessible pedestrian signal shall clearly indicate which pedestrian crossing is served by each device. Once it is actuated, the pilot light shall remain illuminated until the pedestrian's green or WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication is displayed. If a two-section pedestrian signal head is used, the UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal section shall be mounted directly above the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal section. 02 Passive detection devices register the presence of a pedestrian in a position indicative of a desire to cross, without requiring the pedestrian to push a button. 11 The name of the street to be crossed may also be provided in accessible format, such as Braille or raised print. Accessible pedestrian signals shall have an audible walk indication during the walk interval only. A flashing WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication has no meaning and shall not Following the pedestrian change interval, a buffer interval consisting of a steady UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication shall be displayed for at least 3 seconds prior to the release of any conflicting vehicular movement. Support: Whenever pedestrians are controlled by pedestrian- control signals exhibiting the words WALK or DONT WALK, or exhibiting symbols of a walking person or upraised hand, such signals shall indicate and apply to pedestrians as follows: (a) Steady WALK or walking person. If speech walk messages are used, pedestrians have to know the names of the streets that they are crossing in order for the speech walk messages to be unambiguous. 07 If used with a pedestrian signal head that does not have a concurrent vehicular phase, the pedestrian clearance interval (flashing UPRAISED HAND) should be set to be approximately 4 seconds less than the required pedestrian crossing time (see Section 4E.06) and an additional clearance interval (during which a steady UPRAISED HAND is displayed) should be provided prior to the start of the conflicting vehicular phase.
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