Heeding, he would say, "some wise and sudden instinct not to mention retreat," he made a noncommittal remark. [119][120] Sherman's army captured the city of Meridian on February 14 and proceeded to destroy 105 miles of railroad and 61 bridges, while burning at least 10 locomotives and 28 railcars. Sherman commanded the division on the extreme right of the Union's right wing (under George Henry Thomas). Richard Sherman b: Bef. Joseph E. Johnston, the Confederate officer who had commanded the resistance to Sherman's troops in Georgia and the Carolinas, served as a pallbearer in New York City. Instead of complying, he resigned his position as superintendent, declaring to the governor of Louisiana that "on no earthly account will I do any act or think any thought hostile to or in defiance of the old Government of the United States. Sherman had, up to that point, achieved mixed success as a general, and controversy attached especially to his performance at Chattanooga. [182], Four days later, Sherman issued his Special Field Orders, No. [238][239] Sherman encouraged bison hunting by private citizens and, when Congress passed a law in 1874 to protect the bison from over-hunting, Sherman helped convince President Grant to use a pocket veto to prevent it from coming into force. When the bank failed during the Panic of 1857, he closed the New York branch. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing. I want peace, and believe it can only be reached through union and war, and I will ever conduct war with a view to perfect and early success. Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, near the shores of the Hocking River. Sherman excelled academically at West Point, but he treated the demerit system with indifference. [10][259] During this period, he remained in contact with war veterans, and he was an active member of various social and charitable organizations. The Scourge of War: The Life of William Tecumseh Sherman By Brian Holden Reid Oxford University Press, 2020, $34.95. Without his work, the Union troops would not have been able to maintain their levels of supply during the war, and he was instrumental in both Ulysses S. Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman's . With his red hair, piercing eyes, and fidgety manner, William Tecumseh Sherman has been [] [79] Sherman was then assigned to serve under Robert Anderson in the Department of the Cumberland, in Louisville, Kentucky. War is cruelty, and you cannot refine it; and those who brought war into our country deserve all the curses and maledictions a people can pour out. "[78], The outcome at Bull Run caused Sherman to question his own judgment as an officer and the capabilities of his volunteer troops. See more Charles Taylor Sherman (Feb. 3, 1811-Jan. 1, 1879) Mary Elizabeth Sherman Reese (April 21, 1812-Aug. 1900) In March, Halleck's command was redesignated the Department of the Mississippi and enlarged to unify command in the West. Sherman, like many young officers who passed through Fort Moultrie in the antebellum period, described it . Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of General William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) to other famous people. For more detailed discussion of this overall period, see Marszalek. William Tecumseh Sherman, c. 1860-65. Sherman's . Sherman then succeeded Grant at the head of the Army of the Tennessee. They were the parents of at least 5 sons and 5 daughters. [107] Sherman initially expressed reservations about the wisdom of these plans, but he soon submitted to Grant's leadership and the campaign in the spring of 1863 cemented Sherman's personal ties to Grant. In 1859, he became superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy (now Louisiana State University), a position from which he resigned when Louisiana seceded from the Union. [196] Liddell Hart also declared that the study of Sherman's campaigns had contributed significantly to his own "theory of strategy and tactics in mechanized warfare", and claimed that this had in turn influenced Heinz Guderian's doctrine of Blitzkrieg and Rommel's use of tanks during the Second World War. His father, a lawyer and jurist, died when he was nine, leaving the family destitute. [205] When the city council appealed to him to rescind that order, on the grounds that it would cause great hardship to women, children, the elderly, and others who bore no responsibility for the conduct of the war,[205][206] Sherman sent a written response in which he sought to articulate his conviction that a lasting peace would be possible only if the Union were restored, and that he was therefore prepared to do all he could do to end the rebellion: You cannot qualify war in harsher terms than I will. [43], Sherman was appointed as captain in the Army's Commissary Department on September 27, 1850, with offices in St. Louis, Missouri. [16] Sherman had already been baptized as an infant by a Presbyterian minister[17][18] and recent biographers believe, contrary to Lewis's claims, that he was probably given the first name "William" at that time. Sherman was distantly related to American founding father Roger Sherman and grew to admire him. An elder brother became a federal judge, and. [48][49] Late in life, Sherman said of his time in a San Francisco gripped by the frenzy of real estate speculation: "I can handle a hundred thousand men in battle, and take the City of the Sun, but am afraid to manage a lot in the swamp of San Francisco. William Tecumseh Sherman . [279], Some modern historians have characterized Sherman as a deist in the manner of Thomas Jefferson,[280] while others identify him as an agnostic who accepted many Christian values but lacked faith. [150], Sherman captured Columbia, the state capital, on February 17, 1865. The General William Tecumseh Sherman Monument is an equestrian statue of American Civil War Major General William Tecumseh Sherman located in Sherman Plaza, which is part of President's Park in Washington, D.C., in the United States.The selection of an artist in 1896 to design the monument was highly controversial. Perhaps best known for his 1864 "March to the Sea," William Tecumseh "Cump" Sherman (1820-1891) was born in Lancaster, Ohio. "[92], Despite being caught unprepared by the attack, Sherman rallied his division and conducted an orderly, fighting retreat that helped avert a disastrous Union rout. Ellen's father, Thomas Ewing, was the US Secretary of the Interior at that time. He was one of eleven children born to Charles and Mary Sherman but was raised in the family of influential politician Thomas Ewing following the death of his father. . [40] Even though he earned a brevet promotion to captain in 1848 for his "meritorious service", his lack of combat experience and relatively slow advancement within the army discouraged him. Sherman House Museum in Lancaster, Ohio, is the birthplace of General William Tecumseh Sherman, his younger brother U.S. View Site William Tecumseh Sherman, Sr. (1820 - 1891) - Genealogy [51][52] In 1856, during the vigilante period, he served briefly as a major general of the California militia. General William Tecumseh Sherman's brothers were a stellar group and a man like Sherman knew, that in order to stay out of political and military hot water, one needed to keep it All In The Family. Senator from Ohio [1830-1836] and later a member of the cabinet under four U.S. Presidents, William Henry . 3. William Tecumseh Sherman [1032] ,1 son of Charles Robert Sherman [1030] and Mary Hoyt [1031], was born on 8 Feb 1820 in Lancaster, Fairfield Co., OH and died on 14 Feb 1891 in New York, New York Co., NY at age 71. [166][167][168] Before the war, Sherman expressed some sympathy with the view of Southern whites that the black race was benefiting from slavery, although he opposed breaking up slave families and advocated that laws forbidding the education of slaves be repealed. Since that time he has not been a communicant of any church. "[125], Sherman proceeded to invade the state of Georgia with three armies: the 60,000-strong Army of the Cumberland under Thomas, the 25,000-strong Army of the Tennessee under James B. McPherson, and the 13,000-strong Army of the Ohio under John M. Saved Some of us called upon him immediately upon his arrival, and it is probable he would not meet the Secretary [Stanton] with more courtesy than he met us. . In 1864, she took up temporary residence in South Bend, Indiana in order to have her young family educated at the University of Notre Dame and St. Mary's College, both Catholic institutions. Sherman survived two shipwrecks and floated through the Golden Gate on the overturned hull of a foundering lumber schooner. Historian Mark Grimsley promoted the use of the term "hard war" to refer to this strategy in the context of the U.S. Civil War. His father was a prominent lawyer, but when he died suddenly in 1829, he left his wife and eleven children with limited financial resources. ", Sherman to Grant, February 15, 1862, Papers of Ulysses S. Grant 4:216n, Sherman to Grant, December 28, 1866, Papers of Ulysses S. Grant 16:422. "[88][89], After Grant captured Fort Donelson, Sherman got his wish to serve under Grant when he was assigned on March 1, 1862, to the Army of West Tennessee as commander of the 5th Division. This message was put on a vessel on December 22, passed on by telegram from Fort Monroe, Virginia, and apparently received by Lincoln on Christmas Day itself. [175] According to Sherman, My aim then was to whip the rebels, to humble their pride, to follow them to their inmost recesses, and make them fear and dread us. [97], On November 1862, U. S. Grant, acting as commander of the Union forces in the state of Mississippi, launched a campaign to capture the city of Vicksburg, the principal Confederate stronghold along the Mississippi River. Sherman's initial assignments were rear-echelon commands, first of an instructional barracks near St. Louis and then in command of the District of Cairo. The couple later had eight children, two of whom died from sickness while Sherman was serving in the Civil War. Ewing was a prominent member of the Whig Party who became U.S. senator for Ohio and the first Secretary of the Interior. [306] Arlington National Cemetery features a smaller version of Saint-Gaudens's statue of Victory. Liddell Hart. Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, on February 8, 1820. Like Grant, he was born in Ohio. After a relatively long. Sherman's younger brother John was, from his seat in the U.S. Congress, a prominent advocate against slavery. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for William Tecumseh Sherman -A Family Chronicle - Laura Kerr -Signed By Author 1984 at the best online prices at eBay! William Tecumseh Sherman's early military career was a near disaster, having to be temporarily relieved of command. [200], Like Grant and Lincoln, Sherman was convinced that the Confederacy's strategic, economic, and psychological ability to wage further war needed to be crushed if the fighting were to end. For the most part, Sherman refused to revise his original text on the ground that "I disclaim the character of historian, but assume to be a witness on the stand before the great tribunal of history" and "any witness who may disagree with me should publish his own version of [the] facts in the truthful narration of which he is interested". [290] Sherman was thus presented by Lost-Cause authors as the antithesis of the Southern ideals of chivalry supposedly embodied by General Lee. When Sherman's older brother James was born, the general related, his father "insisted on engrafting the Indian name 'Tecumseh' on the usual family list." Sherman's mother, who had named her first son after a brother of hers, prevailed, however, in her desire to name her second son after a second brother of hers. In December, he was put on leave by Henry W. Halleck, commander of the Department of the Missouri, who found him unfit for duty and sent him to Lancaster, Ohio, to recuperate. [23] Sherman roomed with and befriended another important future Civil War general for the Union, George H. Thomas. As long as resistance is made[,] death must be meted out, but the moment all resistance ceases, the firing will stop and all survivors turned over to the proper Indian agent". Although Sherman was technically the senior officer, he wrote to Grant, "I feel anxious about you as I know the great facilities [the Confederates] have of concentration by means of the River and R[ail] Road, but [I] have faith in youCommand me in any way. Sherman would eventually become one of the few high-ranking officers of the U.S. Civil War who had not fought in Mexico. Sherman died of pneumonia in New York City at 1:50PM on February 14, 1891, six days after his 71st birthday. Sherman was sent to live with Thomas Ewing, a lifelong family friend . Ellen and William had eight children together. Like Gilbert and Sullivan's Maj. Gen. Stanley, William Tecumseh Sherman was the "very model of a modern major general." The Union commander developed many of the ideas on which contemporary . Wrong username or password. This meeting was memorialized in G. P. A. Healy's painting The Peacemakers. He is perhaps the most eccentric general of the Civil War. Therefore, he believed that the North had to conduct its campaign as a war of conquest, employing scorched earth tactics to break the backbone of the rebellion. In 1829, when Sherman was 9, his father died unexpectedly. In October, Sherman succeeded Anderson in command of that department. [72] On June 3, he wrote in a letter to his brother-in-law: "I still think it is to be a long warvery longmuch longer than any Politician thinks. [29] During that voyage, Sherman grew close to Ord and especially to the intellectually distinguished Halleck. Lampson Parker Sherman . [28], While many of his colleagues saw action in the MexicanAmerican War, Sherman was assigned to administrative duties in the captured territory of California. Elizabeth St. John , John Raymond, Isabeau de DAMPIERRE , John de FIENNES, Pernelle De Grandmesnil , Robert De Beaumont le Roger, Mary Katherine ELITHORPE , Richard MILES. Born William Tecumseh SHERMAN American soldier, businessman, educator and author Born on February 08, 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, USA , United States Died on February 14, 1891 in New York City, New York, USA Born on February 08 50 Deceased on February 14 32 Family tree Report an error Sherman Daniel 1721 - 1799 Taylor Mindwell 1720 - 1798 Stoddard This country will be drenched in blood, and God only knows how it will end. [226] Sherman also clashed with Eastern humanitarians who were critical of the army's harsh treatment of the Indians and who had apparently found an ally in President Grant. I couldn't find out much about her other than the fact that she never married, and died in Massachussetts in 1925. [228] In one instance, he was summoned to testify as a witness in Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial. [124] As Grant took overall command of the armies of the United States, Sherman wrote to him outlining his strategy to bring the war to an end: "If you can whip Lee and I can march to the Atlantic I think ol' Uncle Abe [Lincoln] will give us twenty days leave to see the young folks. Charles Robert Sherman and Mary Sherman. (#17258) FamousKin.com. Though the commission was responsible for the negotiation of the Medicine Lodge Treaty and the Treaty of Fort Laramie, Sherman did not play a significant role in the drafting of those treaties because in both cases he was called away to Washington during the negotiations. His men swore by him, and most of his fellow officers admired him. Charles Taylor Sherman, Judge 1811-1879 Married 2 February 1841, Mansfield, Richland Co., OH, toEliza Jane Williams 1822-1888; Mary Elizabeth Sherman 1812-1900 Married 19 October 1829, Lancaster, Fairfield Co., OH, toWilliam James Reese 1804-1883; John Sherman, Sen. 1823-1900 [136][137] Sherman left forces under Maj. Gens. The influential 20th-century British military historian and theorist B.H. Liddell Hart ranked Sherman as "the first modern general" and one of the most important strategists in the annals of war, along with Scipio Africanus, Belisarius, Napoleon Bonaparte, T.E. Lawrence, and Erwin Rommel. [33] Sherman and Halleck lived in a house in Monterey, now known as the "Sherman Quarters", from 1847 to 1849. According to Lewis's account, which was repeated by later authors, Sherman was baptized in the Ewing home by a Dominican priest who found the pagan name "Tecumseh" unsuitable and instead named the child "William" after the saint on whose feast day the baptism took place. [207], The damage done by Sherman's marches through Georgia and the Carolinas was almost entirely limited to the destruction of property. "[220] Historian James M. McPherson has concluded that: The fullest and most dispassionate study of this controversy blames all parties in varying proportionsincluding the Confederate authorities for the disorder that characterized the evacuation of Columbia, leaving thousands of cotton bales on the streets (some of them burning) and huge quantities of liquor undestroyed Sherman did not deliberately burn Columbia; a majority of Union soldiers, including the general himself, worked through the night to put out the fires. [42] Ellen Ewing Sherman was a devout Catholic, and the couple's children were reared in that faith. [297] Former U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara refers equivocally to the statement that "war is cruelty and you cannot refine it" in both the book Wilson's Ghost[298] and in his interview for the documentary film The Fog of War (2003). "[276] In letters written in 1865 to Thomas, his eldest surviving son, General Sherman said "I don't want you to be a soldier or a priest, but a good useful man",[277] and complained that Thomas's mother Ellen "thinks religion is so important that everything else must give way to it". President Zachary Taylor, vice president Millard Fillmore and other political luminaries attended the wedding. Sherman then became the military governor of occupied Memphis. The massive Confederate attack on the morning of April 6, 1862, took most of the senior Union commanders by surprise. Other. [269][270], Sherman's body was then transported to St. Louis, where another service was conducted at a local Catholic church on February 21, 1891. [262], In 1886, after the publication of Grant's memoirs, Sherman produced a "second edition, revised and corrected" of his own memoirs. Spouse(s) Amelia Rose Slavick Civil war-era biographies that can double as doorstops seem to be in vogue again. His performance was praised by Grant and Halleck and after the battle he was promoted to major general of volunteers, effective May 1, 1862. In one amusing change to his text, Sherman dropped the assertion that, A "third edition, revised and corrected" of Sherman's memoirs was put out in 1890 by, According to Victor Davis Hanson, "In the eyes of Lewis and Liddell Hart, Sherman was a great man, who is judged on what he did and not on what he wrote: he saved lives and shortened the war; and he used military science to teach his nation what war is ultimately for. [295] More recently, historians such as Brian Holden-Reid have challenged such readings of Sherman's record and of his contributions to modern warfare. Eventually, Sherman won approval from his superiors for a plan to cut loose from his communications and march south, having advised Grant that he could "make Georgia howl". Try refreshing the page. Evarts, the polished, urbane, witty New Yorker; George Hoar, the sharp, petulant, bright, nagging New Englander; John Sherman, the unostentatious, but persistent Westerner. He privately ridiculed Lincoln's call for 75,000 three-month volunteers to quell secession, reportedly saying: "Why, you might as well attempt to put out the flames of a burning house with a squirt-gun. [86], By mid-December 1861 Sherman had recovered sufficiently to return to service under Halleck in the Department of the Missouri. Sherman's subsequent famous "March to the Sea" through Georgia and the Carolinas involved little fighting but large-scale destruction of military and civilian infrastructure, a systematic policy intended to undermine the ability and willingness of the Confederacy to continue fighting. In February 1864, he commanded an expedition to Meridian, Mississippi, intended to disrupt Confederate infrastructure and communications. posed that the Sherman stamp be is-sued only if the federal government promised to pay for the devastation the Northern commander had heaped on the Peach State in 1864.1 Thus, although three-quarters of a century had elapsed since those fate-ful Civil War days, the South had maintained a deep-seated hatred for William T. Sherman. One of his younger brothers, John Sherman, was one of the founders of the Republican Party and served as a U.S. congressman, senator, and cabinet secretary. The burning of Columbia has engendered controversy ever since, with some claiming the fires were a deliberate act of vengeance by the Union troops and others that the fires were accidental, caused in part by the burning bales of cotton that the retreating Confederates left behind them.[151]. Then, as now, neatness in dress and form, with a strict conformity to the rules, were the qualifications required for office, and I suppose I was found not to excel in any of these. [24] Fellow cadet William Rosecrans remembered Sherman as "one of the brightest and most popular fellows" at the academy and as "a bright-eyed, red-headed fellow, who was always prepared for a lark of any kind". Harrison, in a message to the Senate and the House of Representatives, wrote that: He was an ideal soldier, and shared to the fullest the esprit de corps of the army, but he cherished the civil institutions organized under the Constitution, and was only a soldier that these might be perpetuated in undiminished usefulness and honor. [156][157] Also present at the City Point conference was Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter. He was the son of lawyer Charles R. Sherman and Mary Hoyt both originally of Norwalk, CT. His grandfather, Honorable Taylor Sherman, was a well respected attorney and judge in Norwalk, CT, and, after his death in 1815, his widow and family migrated to OH. Louis. [274] He later married his foster sister Ellen, who was also a devout Catholic. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing, a prominent member of the Whig Party who served as senator from Ohio and as the first Secretary of the Interior. William H. Warner in surveying the new city of Sacramento, laying its street grid in 1848. In fact, Sherman's first command was a brigade of three-month volunteers who fought in the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861. Along with fellow Lieutenants Henry Halleck and Edward Ord, Sherman embarked from New York City on the 198-day journey around Cape Horn, aboard the converted sloop USS Lexington. "[261] Such a categorical rejection of a candidacy is now referred to as a "Shermanesque statement". Sherman was not the only successful member of his family. Only in your spirit and determination are you prepared for war. At the White House, Sherman met with Abraham Lincoln a few days after his inauguration as president of the United States. [154] Having defeated the Confederate forces under Johnston at Bentonville, Sherman proceeded to rendezvous at Goldsboro with the Union troops that awaited him there after the captures of the coastal cities of New Bern and Wilmington. He led the capture of the strategic city of Atlanta, a military success that contributed to the re-election of President Abraham Lincoln. [226] Tasked with guarding a vast territory with limited forces, Sherman grew weary of the multitude of requests for military protection addressed to him. Wife of Robert McComb. [74] It was one of the four brigades in the division commanded by General Daniel Tyler, which was in turn one of the five divisions in the Army of Northeastern Virginia under General Irvin McDowell (see First Bull Run Union order of battle).
24th Virginia Infantry At Gettysburg,
Christopher Karl Regan Obituary Michigan,
Tracey Edmonds And Babyface,
Alliance Aviators Football,
Articles W