For the terminology see notes on Deuteronomy 28:1. 22(F)The Lord will strike you with consumption, with fever, with inflammation, with severe burning fever, with the sword, with (G)scorching,[c] and with mildew; they shall pursue you until you perish. WebDeuteronomy 28:15-68 New International Version Curses for Disobedience 15 However, if you do not obey the Lord your God and do not carefully follow all his commands and decrees I am giving you today, all these curses will come on you and overtake you: 16 Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. Why Does God Establish rather than Cut Covenants in the Priestly Source? pp. Deuteronomy 28 cannot be understood apart from the Northwest Semitic tradition of the futility curse. Building Houses and Planting Vineyards: The Inner-Biblical Discourse on an Ancient Israelite Wartime Curse,Journal of Biblical Literature127: 19-35. 127:1; Job 31:8; and Prov. 64Then the Lord (AY)will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and (AZ)there you shall serve other gods, which neither you nor your fathers have knownwood and stone. These 12 offences are sins that could be committed secretly and therefore escape the notice of the authorities. Between the Covenant Code and Esarhaddons Succession Treaty,Journal of Ancient Judaism3: 123-140. license, Tempe | 90 views, 3 likes, 0 loves, 10 comments, 1 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from First Baptist Church - Tempe: First Baptist Church of Tempe April 30, 2023 Live Stream License # 145555 Levinson, Bernard M. and Jeffrey Stackert. (:56-57) Monstrous Cannibalism by Even the Most Refined Woman, The refined and delicate woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground for delicateness and refinement, shall be hostile toward the husband she cherishes and toward her son and daughter, 57 and toward her afterbirth which issues from between her legs and toward her children whom she bears; for she shall eat them secretly for lack of anything else, during the siege and the distress by which your enemy shall oppress you in your towns.. 39 You shall plant and cultivate vineyards, but you shall neither drink of the wine nor gather the grapes, for the worm shall devour them. This is important for understanding the book of Deuteronomy, showing that Deuteronomy 28 cannot be understood according to Mesopotamian conceptions alone, despite the previous scholarly ferment in that direction. Web1. Daniel Block: The opening declaration (v. 20) may be interpreted as a heading for the entire section, summarizing the key issues in the imprecations: Verses 20 and 4546 frame the first volley of woes, announcing the issues involved. 5657a). If you have any questions, please review our Privacy Policy or email us at privacy@biblegateway.com. While this method of divine encouragement to keep the commandments of God might seem surprising from a theological point of view, curses were an integral part of the legal, political and religious life of the ancient Near East, found in a variety of ancient texts including the Hebrew Bible, Neo-Assyrian treaties, and Northwest Semitic inscriptions. Deuteronomy, Holman Old Testament Commentary by Doug McIntosh. These hyperbolic expressions declare Yahwehs goal: to destroy the covenantal triangle and in effect wipe out the nation itself. Their carcasses shall become food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth. Why is the list of curses almost 4 times as long as the blessings? Web15 Curses for Disobedience 1. 20The Lord will send on you (C)cursing, (D)confusion, and (E)rebuke in all that you set your hand to do, until you are destroyed and until you perish quickly, because of the wickedness of your doings in which you have forsaken Me. Continues after advertising. (:30b) The Futility of Home Construction, you shall build a house, but you shall not live in it;, c. (:30c) The Futility of Agricultural Labors, you shall plant a vineyard, but you shall not use its fruit., d. (:31) The Futility of Owning Livestock. You will come at them from one direction but flee from them in seven,(U) and you will become a thing of horror(V) to all the kingdoms on earth. Indeed, ritual has a theoretical capacity to account for the transmission of these curse traditions cross-culturally. 30(O)You shall betroth a wife, but another man shall lie with her; (P)you shall build a house, but you shall not dwell in it; (Q)you shall plant a vineyard, but shall not gather its grapes. Duane Christensen: The structure of 28:4568 may be outlined in a similar five-part concentric structure, a wheel within a wheel: A These curses will pursue you until you are destroyed 28:45, B Israels utter privationin lack of everything 28:4648, X Military siege and the undoing of Gods blessings 28:4952, B Israel reduced to cannibalismin lack of everything 28:5357, A Complete reversal of Israels history until you are destroyed 28:5868. WebIn Deuteronomy 28 Moses sets before the congregation of Israel the blessings and the curses of the covenant that they are renewing. 26:29; 2 Kin. A sacrifice or ritual slaughter seems to have been inherent to many of the biblical covenants. Deu 28:55 So that he will not give to any of them of the flesh of his children WebLeviticus chapter 26 verses 14-46 speaks of the curses/punishments that would come upon Israel if they chose to disobey the laws of Yah. And the Lord shall bring thee into Egypt again with ships ,. ANEM, 8; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. Conventional images and language are employed with gruesome effect to describe what happens to a people when an enemy comes and besieges a city, causing starvation, cannibalism, and the loss of all dignity. 17Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl. Crypto The potential actions of God described in the verses that follow are not the mindless or capricious acts of an unknown and malevolent deity; they are the just acts of a righteous God whose covenant love would have been spurned by his own people. (AM) There you will worship other gods, gods of wood and stone. Blight apparently refers to premature drying of grain growing in the fields, perhaps because of the desiccating effect of scorching east wind. WebA retired old guy who loves people and is happy to share my (FREE) advice, mistakes, valuable career and life lessons, wisdom - and plenty of funny stuff, too. 41You shall beget sons and daughters, but they shall not be yours; for (AC)they shall go into captivity. Like an eagle swooping down on his prey, he will attack his targets suddenly and without warning. Kanaanische und aramische Inschriften 1(Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz). There the Lord will give you an anxious mind, eyes(CS) weary with longing, and a despairing heart. 43The alien who is among you shall rise higher and higher above you, and you shall come down lower and lower. Once she lived in security, but now she would live in anxiety, despair, and in constant suspense and fear for her life (vv. Your baskets and storehouses will be cursed vs 17 4. This includes various Gospel Presentations and helpful booklets. . (:51) Comprehensive Consumption by the Attacking Enemy, Moreover, it shall eat the offspring of your herd and the produce of your ground until you are destroyed, who also leaves you no grain, new wine, or oil, nor the increase of your herd or the young of your flock until they have caused you to perish., 3. 1:6 (x4); Zech. What did it mean to be devoted to destruction? 24The Lord will change the rain of your land to powder and dust; from the heaven it shall come down on you until you are destroyed. Web7 The Lord will grant that the enemies who rise up against you will be defeated before you. 61The Lord will also bring on you every kind of sickness and disaster not recorded in this Book of the Law,(CF) until you are destroyed. (:64) Scattered and Subjected to Foreign Bondage, Moreover, the LORD will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other end of the earth; and there you shall serve other gods, wood and stone, which you or your fathers have not known., And among those nations you shall find no rest, and there shall be no resting place for the sole of your foot; but there the LORD will give you a trembling heart, failing of eyes, and despair of soul. Only these curses expand much beyond the blessings. Hebrew. Many biblical texts and Old Aramaic inscriptions partake in this literary form, with a total of forty-three discrete examples of the futility curse across all biblical books, especially in Deuteronomy 28 and in pre-exilic prophetic texts: Lev. 5:10 (x2); Jer. The gentlest soul would abandon all restraint and loyalty and in his hour of self-preservation would feed upon his own precious loved ones (v. 54), not retaining a shred of generosity toward others in similar plight (v. 55). 46And they shall be upon (AD)you for a sign and a wonder, and on your descendants forever. WebDeuteronomy 29:20-28New International Version. Israel & the Assyrians: Deuteronomy, the Succession Treaty of Esarhaddon, & the Nature of Subversion. (W) 26Your carcasses will be food for all the birds(X) and the wild animals, and there will be no one to frighten them away. For less than $5/mo. Dt 29:27; Jos 23:15; 2Ch 12:5; Da 9:11; Mal 2:2, ver 8, 15; Lev 26:16; Jer 42:18; Mal 2:2; 3:9; 4:6, Ps 39:11; 76:6; 80:16; Isa 17:13; 51:20; 54:9; 66:15; Eze 5:15, Lev 26:16; 2Ki 8:1; Job 12:15; Ps 105:16; Jer 14:1; Hag 1:11; Mal 3:9, Lev 26:19; Dt 11:17; 1Ki 8:35; 17:1; Isa 5:6; Jer 14:1; Hag 1:10, 2Ch 29:8; 30:7; Jer 15:4; 24:9; 26:6; 29:18; 44:12; Eze 23:46, Ps 79:2; Isa 18:6; Jer 7:33; 12:9; 15:2; 16:4; 19:7; 34:20, Ge 19:11; Ex 10:21; Job 5:14; 12:25; 24:13; 38:15; Isa 59:10, Jdg 3:9; 2Ki 13:5; Est 4:14; Isa 19:20; 43:11; Hos 13:4; Ob 1:21, S Dt 4:27; 2Ki 24:14; 25:7, 11; 2Ch 33:11; 36:21; Ezr 5:12; Jer 15:14; 16:13; 27:20; 39:1-9; 52:28; La 1:3, Ps 22:7; 39:8; 44:13; 64:8; Jer 18:16; 48:27; Mic 6:16, 1Ki 9:7; Ps 44:14; Jer 19:8; 24:9; 25:9, 18; 29:18; La 2:15, Lev 26:20; Ps 129:7; Isa 5:10; Jer 12:13; Hos 8:7; Mic 6:15; Hag 1:6, 9; 2:16, S Nu 16:38; Ps 71:7; Isa 8:18; 20:3; Eze 5:15; Zec 3:8, Isa 5:26-30, 26; 7:18-20; 39:3; Jer 4:16; 5:15; 6:22; 25:32; 31:8; Hab 1:6, 2Sa 1:23; Jer 4:13; 48:40; 49:22; La 4:19; Eze 17:3, Ps 96:4; Jer 5:22; Mal 1:14; 2:5; 3:5, 16; 4:2, Dt 29:21; 30:10; 31:26; Jos 1:8; 8:34; 23:6; 24:26; 2Ki 14:6; 22:8; 2Ch 17:9; 25:4; Ne 8:1, 18; Mal 4:4, Dt 30:9; Isa 62:5; 65:19; Jer 32:41; Zep 3:17, S Dt 4:27; Ezr 9:7; Isa 6:12; Jer 32:23; 43:11; 52:27, Ne 1:8; Ps 44:11; Jer 13:24; 18:17; 22:22, NIV, Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible, Red Letter Edition: Bringing to Life the Ancient World of Scripture, NIV, Lucado Encouraging Word Bible, Comfort Print: Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV, Chronological Study Bible, Comfort Print: Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV, Biblical Theology Study Bible, Comfort Print: Follow Gods Redemptive Plan as It Unfolds throughout Scripture, NIV, Beautiful Word Bible Journal, Galatians, Paperback, Comfort Print, NIV, The Woman's Study Bible, Full-Color, Red Letter: Receiving God's Truth for Balance, Hope, and Transformation. Both the biblical and inscriptional texts seem to demonstrate a large body of rites and rituals that would have come along with the formalization of a treaty or covenant. They will leave you no grain, new wine(BR) or olive oil,(BS) nor any calves of your herds or lambs of your flocks until you are ruined. ), ferocity, and sheer horror swallow up the delicate and kind blessings in the same way that the emaciated cows devoured the fat ones in Pharaoh's dreams. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. (CV) There you will offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you. If increased population is a sign of the blessing of covenant fidelity, population decline is a sign of covenant unfaithfulness. The Book of Deuteronomy. 64Then the Lord will scatter(CN) you among all nations,(CO) from one end of the earth to the other. 52They shall (AL)besiege you at all your gates until your high and fortified walls, in which you trust, come down throughout all your land; and they shall besiege you at all your gates throughout all your land which the Lord your God has given you. The past few decades have brought to light additional inscriptions that also provide paralleled phenomena to the curses in Deuteronomy 28. Try it FREE. WebThe curses are terribleexile, worship of pagan idols, being beaten in battle, vicious attack, infertile soil and unproductive efforts, even to the extent of starvation under siege, such 1988. No less tragic and stark would be the reversal of the covenant promise concerning the land. 43 The alien who is among you shall rise above you higher and higher, but you shall go down lower and lower. Finish. You will be cursed in the field 3. 32Your sons and your daughters shall be given to (R)another people, and your eyes shall look and (S)fail with longing for them all day long; and there shall be [e]no strength in your (T)hand. Those normally exempted from military service would be forced to fight and be killed. WebThis is the list Ive come up withbut again I want to recommend you go to that passage in Deuteronomy 28, the last 53 verses and read them for yourself. This no doubt refers to physical disease that would ravage the land from time to time (cf. Deuteronomy 28:16 (KJV) Cursed shalt The curses following, reversing the blessings of God which the Israelites had already begun to experience, constitute a final, awesome warning to the Israelites who are now engaged in the last part of the renewal of the covenant in Moab. Eugene Merrill: As impervious as these metals are to water and tools, so both the heavens and the earth would be in the day of calamity. 22-24 Moses then lists seven afflictions, signifying the comprehensive nature of these curses (as seven is commonly the number for completion). 20 The Lord will never be willing to forgive them; his wrath and zeal will burn against them. WebThe curses of Deuteronomy 28 are suppose to be on Israel "FOREVER" (until YAH returns to redeem them) therefore unless forever ended in 1948 when Israel became a nation Notice the repeated pattern: Sow much seed / harvest little / harvest consumed by locusts, Plant and cultivate vineyards / no wine to drink / grapes consumed by worms, Have numerous olive trees / no oil to use / olives drop off prematurely, Have sons and daughters / no enjoyment of their company / children go into captivity, 1. 4:27, 28; Neh. Cuneiform Literacy and Deuteronomic Composition,Bibliotheca Orientalis62: 204-213. The second is grotesque: The mother secretly eats her children, and like an animal she also devours the afterbirth. WebThe Curses Deuteronomy 28 Leviticus 26 Blessings & Curses The Prophecy The True Israelites The Second Exodus The Other Nations The Lost Books Intermediates Teach Us To Pray Prayer Catalogue The Living Enoch Calendar The True Church The True Purpose & Duty Of Men The True Purpose & Duty Of Women Advanced The Spiritual Kingdom Two things about the blessing and cursing sections of this chapter merit comment: (1) Israels God comes first to bless His people. 2. 26:26; Deut. 30You will be pledged to be married to a woman, but another will take her and rape her. Copyright 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Instead, the heavens would rain down dust, which would only exacerbate an already hopeless situation on the earth (v. 24; cf. (CT) 66You will live in constant suspense, filled with dread both night and day, never sure of your life. In the process the land and the children God has given will be lost. Now go back to Deuteronomy 28, lets pick just three verses to illustrate. 6:15, 2 Kin. Gerald Gerbrandt: If Israel does not obey, well-deserved punishment will follow (v. 15). WebWho we are:Calvary Chapel Fergus Falls is a Christian fellowship of believers in Jesus Christ located in Fergus Falls, MN. 7:13; Mal. (BB) 44They will lend to you, but you will not lend to them. (:52) Suffocating Siege by the Attacking Enemy, And it shall besiege you in all your towns until your high and fortified walls in which you trusted come down throughout your land, and it shall besiege you in all your towns throughout your land which the LORD your God has given you.. Deuteronomy 29:27 chapter context similar meaning copy save. The traditional formulation of the Deuteronomy // Esarhaddon Treaties hypothesis is concerned with Deuteronomy 28:26-35 in comparison with EST 39-42 (for the text, see Parpola and Watanabe 1987; vocalization and translation is my own). This is the summation All rights reserved. The LORD will make the pestilence cling to you until He has consumed you from the land, where you are entering to possess it.. Deu 28:63 And it shall come to pass, that as the LORD rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you; so the LORD will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goest to possess it. 1:8; Jer. Moreover, the reduction of numbers from the uncountable stars to the remnant is a deliberate harking back to the covenant promise made to Abraham that his offspring would be as multitudinous as the stars (Gen 15:5; 22:17; cf. I also want to stress the importance of these Northwest Semitic inscriptions for understanding the production of biblical literature in general. How did these parallels come into existence? WebThese blessings shall come upon Gods children as the Lord will cause (Deuteronomy 28:7), command (Deuteronomy 28:8), establish (Deuteronomy 28:9), grant 2:9 (x2); 4:10 (x2); 5:6; 8:7; 9:12, 16; Amos 4:8; 5:11 (x2); 8:12; Micah 3:4; 6:14 (x2), 15 (x3); Zeph. Verse Deuteronomy 28:2. 51And they shall eat the increase of your livestock and the produce of your land, until you are destroyed; they shall not leave you grain or new wine or oil, or the increase of your cattle or the offspring of your flocks, until they have destroyed you. By Laura Quick WebThe Curses outlined in the book of Deuteronomy chapter 28 are used by many Hebrew Israelite groups or camps as they are often referred to and individuals to prove that the Weinfeld, Moshe. WebDeuteronomy 28 1 If you fully obey the LORD your God and carefully follow all his commands I give you today, the LORD your God will set you high above all the nations BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. The passage thus contains a number of pointers towards important aspects of biblical theology. WebThe Curse of Covenant Reversal: Deuteronomy 28:58-68 and Israel's Exile become clear that this passage relates both backwards to the promises given to Abraham and forwards to the renewal of those promises in the renewed hope of the prophets of Israel. 2012. March 2018. Settings 2 Sam 24:13; 1 Kgs 8:37; Ezek 5:12; Amos 4:10), but in its finality it speaks metaphorically of the affliction of deportation (Lev 26:25) or disinheritance (Num 14:12). This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. If Israel asked how life may be filled with hope, in the enjoyment of Gods blessing and with Deuteronomy 28:1 Deuteronomy 28:5. . 60He will bring on you all the diseases of Egypt(CE) that you dreaded, and they will cling to you. III. WebHeres what will happen if you dont obediently listen to the Voice of GOD, your God, and diligently keep all the commandments and guidelines that Im commanding you today. Root Strong's. 26(J)Your carcasses shall be food for all the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and no one shall frighten them away. 2002. Because Israel did not serve God, it will serve the enemy (vv. WebWhat are the curses God promised Israel for disobedience? Jack Deere: Israel had been permitted to serve the Lord but now she would be compelled to serve idols (v. 64). 44 He shall lend to you, but you shall not lend to him; he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.. 23And (H)your heavens which are over your head shall be bronze, and the earth which is under you shall be iron. The Lord your God will bless you in the land he is giving you.. 9 The Lord will establish you as his holy people, as he News and Interpretations on the Bible and Ancient Near East History. WebDelivered From The Wrath To ComeThank You Lord Jesus The Church, the Body of Christ is not appointed to the wrath of God, which fulfills prophecy! 49The Lord will bring a nation against you(BM) from far away, from the ends of the earth,(BN) like an eagle(BO) swooping down, a nation whose language you will not understand,(BP) 50a fierce-looking nation without respect for the old(BQ) or pity for the young. A Northwest Semitic Curse Formula: The Sefire Treaty and Deuteronomy 28,Zeitschrift fr die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft128: 205-220. 1965. The service this time would not be marked by joy (im ) and gladness (b b l b b, lit., with goodness of heart) but with their very opposite, destitution and deprivation. Neo-Assyrian Treaties and Loyalty Oaths. Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. Your donkey will be forcibly taken from you and will not be returned. (3) The enemy will speak an unintelligible language. A. 35The Lord will strike you in the knees and on the legs with severe boils which cannot be healed, and from the sole of your foot to the top of your head. 28The Lord will afflict you with madness, blindness and confusion of mind. . WebAnd the LORD thy God will put all these curses upon thine enemies, and on them that hate thee, which persecuted thee. 12:13; Mic. 50+ reference books. (:58-62) Final Warning What Will Happen If You Disobey Gods Law? You will be cursed in the city (Deut 28:16) 2. 25The Lord will cause you to be defeated(T) before your enemies. Michael Grisanti: The pair signs and wonders commonly signifies anything that testifies to Yahwehs presence and power (Dt 4:34; 7:19; 26:8; 29:3 [2]; Jer 32:21). 20:6; Job 31:8; Jer. The image of the woman who becomes hostile even toward her afterbirth is shocking (vv. The contrast is further defined by v. 63: just as the Lord had increased Israels numbers and prosperity, he would, in judgment, decrease them in the day of his wrath. WebThe Curses of Mount Ebal. And He will bring back on you all the diseases of Egypt of which you were afraid, and they shall cling to you. Whereas verse 20 has Yahweh dispatching the agents of Israels doom, verse 45 compares the curses to an animal pursuing and overtaking its prey. 4, 11, 18) Harvest of crops Fruit of thy cattle ( vv. Skip Next. 46They will be a sign and a wonder to you and your descendants forever. Here Deuteronomy develops the idea world of the parallel curse in the Esarhaddon Treaties so unfaithful wives and houses in which the owner cannot reside but couches these motifs in the characteristic syntactic form of the futility curse, significantly expanding upon the Akkadian original by adding further clauses that develop traditional Northwest Semitic motifs concerning frustrated vineyards and livestock (see Smoak 2008). The LORD will smite you with madness and with blindness and with bewilderment of heart; 29 and you shall grope at noon, as the blind man gropes in darkness,, 2. Whereas in verse 20 Yahweh commissions a triad of agents of doom against Israel, verse 45 replaces these with a triad of verbs. Mildew seems to involve pathological yellowing of grain, attributable to plant disease, inadequate nutrients in the soil, or drought. The particular curse form common to the Old Aramaic inscriptions and Deuteronomy 28 can be described as curses of futility, with a characteristic syntactical form and commonalities in both vocabulary and ideation. 27a, 28a, cf. WebThese gentle blessings are followed by the tocheichah, a long list of curses (Deuteronomy 28:15-68), whose number (traditionally the rabbis count ninety-eight of them! Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs; Oxford: Oxford University Press. (CU) 68The Lord will send you back in ships to Egypt on a journey I said you should never make again. Morrow, William S. 2005. Immediately following this statement, the text shifts again, employing further curses in the guise of the futility form. 19:9; Lam. Clearly the ritual context of treaty formation in ancient Israel and Judah involved a complex body of rites and actions, encompassing at the very least signs, sacrifice, the recitation and writing of curses and perhaps a ritual procession between the two halves of an animal as implied in Genesis 15, and explicit in Jeremiah 34. 1. They will come at you from one direction but flee from you in seven. New Translation Selector Translation Colors. The exemptions were possible because God would grant His people victory in battle. On the other hand, a number of scholars have been wary to posit a direct literary relationship between the Succession Treaties and the book of Deuteronomy, usually due to their reticence to attribute the kind of Akkadian literacy that this would necessitate to the Hebrew scribes who wrote the biblical text (e.g., Morrow 2005; Crouch 2014). Daniel Block: These verses echo Leviticus 26:19, which also portrays the heavens as a sheet of metal preventing moisture above the firmament from watering the earth, and the ground as hardened and resisting cultivation. (BW) 54Even the most gentle and sensitive man among you will have no compassion on his own brother or the wife he loves or his surviving children, 55and he will not give to one of them any of the flesh of his children that he is eating. 91-106 inCovenant as Context: Essays in Honour of E.W. In fact, they would keep for themselves their newborn infants and even the afterbirth even if it meant that their husbands and other children had to do without and starve. 1:4; Ps. Both Deuteronomy and ancient Near Eastern treaty texts feature a similar structure with a historical prologue before a section of legal material and finally blessings and curses. Blessings and curses are directly associated with the covenant God made with the people of Israel, so they should be interpreted within that context.
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